Wednesday, December 11, 2024

The last days of Socrates - Plato

All we know about Socrates was handed down to us by his pupil Plato - one of the most important western philosophers - as we have already seen when talking about the Symposium.
In this book Plato tells us about the end of Socrates' life: his trial, his imprisonment and his death by poisoning (not really a suicide, as this was actually the court sentence).
Socrates typical argumentative method is exemplified in four different sections.
In the first one (Euthyphro) he argues about the Greek divinities with an expert on religious matters. Then there is the trial itself (Apology), where Socrates takes care of his own defense. After that Socrates is always in his cell, first (Crito) talking his friend out of an evasion plan devised by his supporters, and then (Phaedo) explaining to a group of young followers his theory about the immortality of the soul. This last one being one of his most famous dialogs.
Socrates ethical code has been both praised and criticized (by Nietzsche, for instance). Yet his courageous and consistent stance by his principles - even when facing death - is, from a humane point of view, admirable.


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